OUR RESEARCH

Research on TRANSFORM-iN EDUCATION is aligned to children’s rights, agency, participation, voice, subjectivities, politics and democratic pedagogies.
 Creating with Uncertainty: Covid recovery to education for sustainable futures
Working with 10 schools (primary, secondary and special) to cultivate the capacity to respond where solutions are-as-yet-unknown (core to SDGs), enabling teachers and pupils to co-construct locally relevant, deeply engaging sustainability curricula that also acknowledge the existential and uncertain dimensions of the pandemic and climate change, and identify gaps in established knowledge/skills. This includes creating opportunities for teachers/pupils to relate facts to their own experiences (ie feelings, resources, practices, external pressures), to critically assess competing information sources, and navigate inherently difficult ethical tensions and questions.  Undertaken together with  Dr Michael  Jonik (Media, Arts and Humanities), Dr John Parry and Prof. Simon Thomson (Education)  .  This research is funded by the Higher Education Innovation Fund (HEIF) in association with the Sussex Sustainability Research Programme (SSRP). (February to July 2022)

Hope in the Present: translating uncertain pedagogies from the Global South to the Global North
This project, with on class of Year 5 students (aged 9 to 10 years old) , in the UK, opened up space to engage with sustainability using creative and deliberative activities. It focuses on translating theoretical and practical conceptualisations of uncertainty into the practice and curricular space of schooling, extending Global South (funded by SSRP/IDCF) research into the immediacy of a Global North schooling context together with the Head teacher and senior leadership, class teacher and assistant and pupils aged 9-10 years. This work included the exhcange of objects that matter, between young people in India, Ecuador and the UK, resulting in an   ESRC Festival of Social Science  exhibition and workshops:  Objects that matter: exhibition and creative workshop of ‘objects’ connecting children’s sustainability concerns across Global South-North.  Children and young people took part in creative workshops in Jubilee Library, Brighton, to  explore their concerns around sustainability and climate change and these concerns linked with their peers from India and Ecuador.    This research is funded by the   PASTRES Programme , the  Centre for World Environmental History  and  the School of Education and Social Work, at the University of Sussex, plus the ESRC Festival of Science 2021.   (Sept 2021- July 2022)

Hope in the present 1: uncertain pedagogies for youth and community resilience in India and Ecuador
Climate change and pandemics demand creative, critical and resilient civil societies. Educationally, this requires youth to acquire scientific knowledge, as well as to cultivate their capacity to respond where solutions are-as-yet-unknown (core to Sustainability Development Goal 4.7). We are working with an interdisciplinary team across the University of Sussex and academics in India (Dr Anindita Saha) and Ecuador (Dr Citlalli Morelos-Juarez) to explore the role of arts-based deliberative pedagogies for supporting youth to express relationships with sustainability uncertainties, in dialogue with stakeholders, with a view to fostering community resilience expressed through narratives of hope and action.  The research project runs until July 2021 and is funded by International Development Challenge Fund (IDCF) & Sussex Sustainability Research Programme (SSRP), financed by the University's Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF)  allocation. See our blog.   We write about this research in  a chapter for the Routledge 2023 A Handbook  of Children's and Young People's Participation .

Covid-19 and educating for uncertainty
We undertook a small-scale research project utilising the national Mass Observation archive. We analysed children and young people’s diaries from May 2020 to explore the unique experience of the first ‘wave’ of the Covid-19 ‘lockdown’. We presented interim findings to a seminar event at the Centre for Innovation and Research in Childhood and Youth in the autumn 2020 and completed the project 2021 (see box to the right). The analysis focused on what the diaries reveal about living with everyday uncertainties, offering insight into the young people's own practices and familial supports to navigate such uncertainties. This included looking at different registers of 'not-knowing', to see what this might reveal about how the pandemic was experienced by children and young people: including the diverse knowledges that diarists engage with; their feelings and embodiment; their engagement with spirituality and ethics; and their practices and use of material things. The research offers insights into the implications for how schools might support children and young people to live with, and respond to engage with life's uncertainties.   A paper on this research is  available here.

Outdoor environmental education
In 2020, we undertook work with teachers to introduce the concept and practice of engaging with the uncertainty of climate change, which included an outdoor INSET training event co-constructed with teachers. We interviewed teachers, including some who had been invovled in the outdoor event and others who were known for their interest (and activism) in climate change. This work informed a predominantly conceptual paper (to be published later in 2021) that examines ‘uncertainty’ and the politics of student engagement in climate change, both within and beyond the institution of the school. This work with teachers was funded by an ESRC-Impact award. See our blog.

Doctoral Research
The following two doctoral studies were conducted in schools between 2010 and 2018, a period of governmental and educational change in the UK. In the first, data was collected in 2011-12, when there remained a valuing of children’s participation and positive contribution; by the time of the second study, 2015-16, this had been replaced by an emphasise on teacher authority, discipline and control. These studies both opened up the importance of including an emphasis on uncertainty in education.

​Study One: Children's Rights and Participation in Primary School
Rebecca’s PhD research was an ethnographic study conducted over 10 months in one school that championed ideas of children’s rights and participation, where they were placed at the heart of the school’s policies and practices. Rebecca was interested in the ways that children’s rights and participation became incorporated into the day-to-day experiences of all those in school (including children and adults). She was curious about what difference ideas of children’s rights make and to whom, and where and when and on what basis. Her research showed that the school was celebrated as a joyful and energising place by many, and that the attention given to the alleviation of some rules and regulations (such as school uniform, lining up, responding to buzzers, whistles, and bells) enabled many children to feel relaxed and carefree whilst at school.  Nonetheless, the research also suggested that maintaining a participatory value-system is hard and demanding work amidst competing pressures. It requires constant openness to asking and listening to uncertain and difficult questions which need to challenge assumptions that everyone is always able to take part and to have a voice that can be heard and taken seriously. 

Study Two: Children’s Agency in the Primary Classroom
Perpetua doctoral research offers detailed examples of children’s agency in the current Year One primary classroom. She spent time within an ordinary English primary school over the course of an academic year, and a week in a Year One class ‘outstanding’ teaching school. The research demonstrates how children achieve limited agency in navigating conformity. Children are highly competent at knowing what is expected of them, and put effort into being ‘good’,  sitting silent and still for long periods, and into being ‘clever’, working hard to find the correct answer.  Both get them only so far educationally. Being good can camouflage an avoidance of effort, and while a child may demonstrate they know expected answers, they can avoid engaging in new and unexpected challenges where there is no clue to the answer. The research also demonstrates how children achieve agency, in brief moments in the day, pursuing movement, humour, art and collaboration, to transform what it is possible to know, do and be. Often this is done alone without the support of the teacher. The research draws attention to the importance of the materiality of the classroom and children’s emotional vulnerability to not knowing. This research was funded by the ESRC.

Our research is part of the Centre for Innovation and Research in Childhood and Youth (CIRCY), at the University of Sussex. See the CIRCY Annual Reports   2022 and   2021.

---

 You can watch here  an online presentation of our research using Covid-19 diaries at a seminar series, 'Using Mass Observation's Covid-19 Collections' , organised by ​ Nick Clarke (University of Southampton) and Clive Barnett (University of Exeter), with Kirsty Pattrick and Jessica Scantlebury (Mass Observation), and support from the British Academy.